Crack detection method in steel bar. Based on the calculation of .
Crack detection method in steel bar The Eddy Current method is a promising tool for crack detection in steel members of highway bridges. However, the detection of most apparatuses is verified using one kind of steel bars. Due to irregularities in crack size, shape, unevenly elucidated conditions, and blemishes, crack segmentation from the crack images is very difficult. Therefore, this paper employed the well-known Jun 25, 2020 · Fatigue cracks are often underestimated by traditional linear ultrasonic techniques due to the poor direction as well as narrow gaps within the cracks. The imaging method is additionally applied to a real model example in which the signals are acquired by performing tests on a man-made concrete mass utilizing the newly developed detector. The significant amount of performed studies and the large number of publications give rise to the need to systematize, condensate, and summarize this enormous Bao X studied the seismic performance of large subway tunnel structures in liquefied soil layers and analyzed the effect of mitigation methods for different steel bar thicknesses on reducing cracks . Ultrasonic methods are often used to measure the crack of the concrete and the delamination between steel rebar and concrete. The advantage of ultrasonic method is its big detection depth till to several meters. ) are not sensitive to micro-fatigue cracks [15,31]. Oct 1, 2024 · On this basis, an UGW non-destructive testing method of square steel tubes based on NME method and CS algorithm is proposed. 103141 Corpus ID: 213834301; Laser line scanning thermography for surface breaking crack detection : modeling and experimental study @article{Puthiyaveettil2020LaserLS, title={Laser line scanning thermography for surface breaking crack detection : modeling and experimental study}, author={Nithin Puthiyaveettil and Renil Thomas and Sreedhar Unnikrishnakurup and Jan 1, 2022 · Crack localization is useful information for crack detection methods. Sep 1, 2024 · Therefore, among the three modes, Mode 7 at 60 kHz frequency is most sensitive to transverse cracks on the rail head, showing superior crack detection performance. The major advantage of the image based analysis of the crack detection is that by using the image processing technique it provides accurate result compared to the conventional manual methods [9]. Ultrasonic crack detection seems to be the only method. Apr 27, 2019 · In this paper, the authors present a stress wave-based active sensing method to detect the crack in FRP-reinforced concrete beams. Example: A level 1 NDT analyst inspected a piece of welding material for pipes. Feb 8, 2021 · In this study, we have investigated the frequency and load distribution of Iron and Steel bar containing half-circular double crack using the finite element method. The steel supplier is doing metallurgical tests on the cracked parts and we don't have the results yet. Feb 1, 2014 · [4][5][6][7][8][9] Traditional detection methods mainly include manual detection, eddy current detection magnetic flux leakage detection and vision-based steel surface defect detection, but these Sep 12, 2022 · Fatigue cracks are typical damage of threaded steel rods under dynamic loads. For electromagnetic detection methods, electromagnetic properties such as conductivity and permeability of partial defects or discontinuities in materials are Aug 1, 2021 · The test of the AR crack‐detection method eliminates AR image‐processing dependence on external processors and has practical real‐time image‐processing. Following closely, Mode 7 at 40 kHz frequency, with a higher crack zone energy evaluation indicator, also displays good crack detection capability. If the crack is perpendicular to the detection surface, ultrasonic testing is hard to detect the crack. 2019. Different NDT methods are used for the detection of cracking in pipelines, storage tanks, pressure vessels, or other capital assets. Canny Dec 1, 2020 · Detection of crack formation in steel bar at high temperatures (up to 600 °C) is a potential problem in steel manufacturing industries. Maintenance operations that follow for the damaged infrastructure often involve a visual inspection and assessment of their state to ensure their Dec 21, 2018 · Corrosion of steel bar is one of key factors undermining reinforced concrete (RC) structures in a harsh environment. Aug 23, 2021 · Currently, automatic image-based crack detection methods are used along with visual inspection. Apr 14, 2023 · A method of steel structure surface crack identification based on artificial intelligence technology is proposed to solve the problem that steel cracks can not be detected and forewarned in time when they appear in the railway industrial environment. proposed a method for detecting cracks using outlier analysis based on several test results. The detection results for the six specimens are listed in Table 5. A structural crack detection and quantification approach was proposed, in which YOLO v3-tiny algorithm was employed to localise the concrete cracks and laser beams with bounding boxes at the real-time rate of 25 Hertz [67]. CIRCOFLUX: The CIRCOFLUX tests by means of an AC flux leakage method to detect longitudinal surface defects. As a complementation, the proposed method in this paper can identify near surface crack perpendicular to the detection surface qualitatively. In [152], a pixel-level crack detection method is proposed using the CNN encoder for feature extraction seam cracks in a steel plate. Sep 12, 2022 · However, the first thread of the internally threaded rod is prone to fatigue due to stress concentration , while the linear characteristics of guided waves (e. The U-rib design of the OSD Sep 12, 2022 · Fatigue cracks are typical damage of threaded steel rods under dynamic loads. Detection and Inspection of Steel Bars in Reinforced Concrete Structures Using Active Infrared Thermography with Microwave Excitation and Eddy Current Sensors. The embedded smart aggregates (SAs), which utilize Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) as transducers, are employed in this research to generate and sense the stress wave. However, prevalent issues of concrete spalling and exposed steel bars within RC structures pose significant challenges. X-ray computed tomography (XCT) was used to in situ and in real-time monitor the corrosion process of concrete, what digital image correlation (DIC) is Nov 12, 2024 · To learn richer image features and obtain more important edge information in steel defect detection, we propose the EIFEM module, which has been improved in YOLOv5, YOLOv8, and YOLOv10. Among this study, Vibration Analysis method is applied on an iron bar together with two half-circular open crosswise cracks in a very completely different depth, to review the response characteristics [3]. 1. 1016/j. This paper presents the ultrasonic guided waves-based (UGWs-based) fatigue crack detection of a steel I-beam. Totally nine beams of GFRP/BFRP Apr 15, 2024 · Compared with the traditional crack simulation methods, this study innovatively combines the AI detection technology of cracks with a novel crack modeling technology, which realizes the accurate evaluation of hydraulic fracturing performance of cross-scale irregular cracks in dam structure. The propagation characteristics of u … Jun 1, 2020 · Download Citation | On Jun 1, 2020, Xiaoyang Gai and others published Research on Defect Detection Method for Steel Metal Surface based on Deep Learning | Find, read and cite all the research you Nov 21, 2006 · With the development of AI, many crack detection methods of nuclear reactors based on traditional This work presents a real-time defect detection method for high-speed steel bar in coil (BIC). 19 ). Firstly, the damage indicator, namely strain curve envelope area ratio (SCEAR), is proposed and calculated with the measured strain in time series when Jul 26, 2024 · The corrosion of steel rebars is a prevalent factor leading to the diminished durability of reinforced concrete structures, posing a significant challenge to the safety of structural engineering. The appearance of steel cracks greatly weakens the stability of steel structures, and will seriously endanger the safety of the railway industry Jan 25, 2023 · Fatigue crack is a fatal problem for steel structures. Nov 18, 2024 · Figure 7 shows the center crack in φ35mm W18 steel (etched with 1:1 HCl). Aug 17, 2024 · This article provides an overview of traditional crack detection methods and focuses on the modern NDT methods based on wavelet analysis and electromagnetic (eddy current) pulses. Numerous techniques are used by the different Jun 30, 2024 · The traditional linear ultrasonic detection technology can detect the opening crack well, but when the ultrasonic wave passes through the micro-crack, there is almost no reflection and attenuation, making it difficult for the traditional ultrasonic method to detect the fatigue crack comprehensively and effectively. We used the Gabor filter and an adaptive double threshold method to detect them. Therefore, detecting and analyzing cracks in civil infrastructures can effectively determine the extent of damage, which is crucial for safe operation. 42% was reported. Aug 29, 2020 · Nonlinear ultrasonic modulation methods often require postprocessing steps for analysis. ” Steel bars and billets have been tested for surface cracks during motion through an induction coil and by evaluating the signal of four infrared line scanners placed around the steel bar. Fig. May 30, 2024 · Reinforced concrete (RC), renowned for its amalgamation of strength and durability, stands as a cornerstone in modern engineering, extensively employed in various structures such as buildings, bridges, and pipe culverts. Cracks can develop into different shapes including straight, winding, and The angle bar in the transmission line tower needs the processing technology of opening angle, closing angle, bending and so on. A rapid crack detection method based on deep learning is proposed. The type of transducer and the algorithm for extracting the arrival time of the ultrasonic signal significantly impact the accuracy of crack depth detection. A study on the influence of steel bars diameter on detection is very rare. Dec 1, 2024 · (3) Concrete specimens with both the composite film applied to the steel bar surface and sealed cracks served as the control group, designated as F1R1 in subsequent studies. , Chady T. [18] developed an electro-magnetic monitoring apparatus (EMMA) based on Hall effect to quantitatively achieve the corrosion ratio of the steel bars. [16 Apr 1, 2024 · Lipa et al. By using the proposed method, crack depth can be determined only by analyzing Jan 26, 2020 · For the detection and determination of angle bar bending crack of transmission line, first understand the structure shape of the detection area, analyze the stress of the workpiece, determine the specific detection method, and finally make the correct determination of the crack through the detection instrument, analysis of the crack Emerging crack detection methods are overviewed in Section V. Lee H indicated that during the construction of subway tunnels, the construction process of side rails should be considered, and a stability Jul 1, 2020 · Download Citation | On Jul 1, 2020, Dongmei Liu published Research on detection method of micro cracks in mechanical welding based on Bayesian inference | Find, read and cite all the research you Dec 29, 2023 · There are high demands for the early and reliable detection of metal components used in safety-critical structures. 5 mm were created. Nov 29, 2020 · The direct current potential drop method (DCPDM) is widely used to determine the crack length in fatigue experiments. Detailed descriptions of the principles and use of these methods are generally available (see, for example, Nondestructive Testing Jun 18, 2019 · Download Citation | Crack Identification of Steel Bar Based on Sensor Optimal Placement | The traditional modal test of steel bars has two chief disadvantages of being time-consuming and having a Jul 2, 2022 · IP is one of the main methods of automatic crack detection. The aftermath of natural disasters like floods and earthquakes leads to severe damage to the urban infrastructure. This paper presents a study on ultrasonic guided waves-based, fatigue-crack detection of threaded rods. , Frankowski P. [26] established a numerical model for steel corrosion expansion based on chloride ion diffusion law and electrochemical theory, which can accurately predict the process of chloride-induced 4 Numerical Results and Discussion In this study, we have investigated the frequency and load distribution of Iron and Steel bar containing half-circular double crack using the finite element method. After curing, cracks with a width of 0. For heat exchanger tubing inspections, a probe that combines bobbin and array capabilities can offer additional flaw detection and shorter inspection times. Mobile crack detection testers can also be used for maintenance testing. Rajagopal and Krishnan Balasubramaniam Mar 15, 2024 · The orientation of the crack to the detection surface will influence the detection effect. Based on the calculation of May 30, 2024 · An automated identification methodology is proposed to detect concrete spalling and exposed steel bars, leveraging machine vision technology and deep learning algorithms, and demonstrates promising prospects for wide-ranging applications in defect detection within RC structures. A threaded rod with given sizes is theoretically simplified as a cylindrical rod. Image-based crack detection methods can identify the location and severity of the crack. 6 After images are acquired by drones, crack detection methods based on images mainly include the threshold segmentation method, edge detection method, region method, and matching method. May 1, 2021 · Therefore, the fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior of steel bars is crucial to evaluate the residual bearing capacity and predict the fatigue life of the RC components under bending cyclic loading [8], [9]. The IP methods are reliant on the pixel size of the images. infrared. In practice, some special features of this method must be considered. Many automatic crack detection methods have been proposed during the past few years [3], [4]. The presence of Nov 26, 2020 · To investigate the feasibility analysis of ultrasonic detection methods applied in the fatigue crack characteristics of steel structures, the double-probe ultrasonic detection method was applied to the prefabricated crack specimens fabricated from of flat steel plate. May 31, 2023 · Compared to the one-probe detection method, the dual-probe differential detection method for sorting different steel grades has the merit of higher sensitivity. Jul 3, 2016 · Tangential eddy current array (TECA™) is a blend of multiplexed tangential coils and pancake coils, specifically designed to detect surface-breaking cracks in carbon steel welds. There have also been studies that have introduced a nonlinearity index (NI) and used this for crack detection. In order to meet the need for efficient detection of tunnel cracks, the tunnel crack detection method based on improved Retinex and deep learning is proposed in this paper Mar 11, 2014 · As a consequence, numerous crack detection and characterization techniques have been researched and developed in the past decades in the areas of SHM and non-destructive evaluation (NDE). 4 illustrates the structure of the inspection robot. To reduce the number of pseudo defects, features based on the shape of seam cracks were used. Nov 18, 2020 · Crack detection in steel bars at high surface temperatures is a critical problem in any manufacturing industry. Oct 8, 2022 · Steel plays an important role in industry, and the surface defect detection for steel products based on machine vision has been widely used during the last two decades. The following conclusions can be drawn: (1) May 1, 2018 · The proposed CNN-DC can achieve 99. It does not necessarily imply anything about the specific metallurgical nature of the crack. g. , categorizing image patches into “damaged Feb 1, 2019 · Currently, non-manual detection methods for fatigue crack mainly include three categories: the indirect damage identification method for strain based optical fiber strain sensor and film sensor Crack detection is the process of detecting cracking, usually through non-destructive testing (NDT). Jun 1, 2018 · This section provides the basic architecture for the crack detection using the image processing technique [40]. [14] adopted the digital image correlation (DIC) to monitor the complex crack growth process in the structural details of steel girders, while Quqa et al. Oct 20, 2017 · Table 4 indicates that when the crack angle increases, the resonant frequency f 10 increases, while the resonant frequency f 01 decreases, which indicates that the identification method proposed in this paper is still applicable for oblique cracks, and that the crack shape has no influence on the ability of the detection method proposed in this Abstract: The objective of this study was the development of the automated system for crack detection on square steel bars used in the automotive industry for axle and shaft construction. This paper presents a novel technique to detect the Feb 23, 2024 · Depending on the granularity of the crack detection task, vision-based methods can be categorized into three types: (1). For our simulation, we construct a solid cylindrical Iron and Steel bar and have used different parameter values according to the Table 3 and the Table 4. Jan 1, 2022 · Detection of crack is important to confirm that, the structure is free from any defect or not. However, accurately and effectively detecting fatigue cracks of OSD remains challenging due to the indistinct nature of these cracks compared to May 30, 2023 · A Quantitative Detection Method for Surface Cracks on Slab Track Based on Infrared Thermography. 75% and 4. [25] used X-Ray CT method to study the effect of non-uniform corrosion of steel bars on the crack path propagation of concrete cover. doi: 10. How to detect tunnel cracks efficiently and avoid safety accidents caused by tunnel cracks effectively is a research hotspot at present. May 9, 2003 · These cracks are right down the center and don't reach the surface. Aside from general information on the experimental setup and calibration, some special features of the method, such as the influence of the ambient atmosphere and the application of the method to Dec 28, 2019 · Applying life estimation approaches to determine in-service life of structures and plan the inspection schedules accordingly are becoming acceptable safety design procedures in aerospace. A 15-m-long steel I-beam with artifact crack defects is built up in laboratory to verify the proposed method. 0 Emission pulse wave; 1 Reflection wave from end of the steel bar; 2 Reflection wave from front end of the crack; 3 Direct arrival wave in the steel bar including longitudinal and the flexural modes; 4 Reflection wave from back end of the crack; 5 Direct Nov 30, 2020 · Based on above theoretical understanding on the effects of cracks and temperature change, an APUS was developed to perform ultrasound testing of steel rods for temperature measurement and crack detection. Jul 19, 2024 · It is meaningful to monitor and identify concrete cracks as they will seriously reduce the fatigue life of pavement. To tackle this issue, extensive research has been conducted, yielding a variety of theoretical insights and remedial measures. 5 m distance from the left end of steel bar, which corresponds to a concrete crush observed in the test very well. Cracks and defects, if present, In this analysis, a numerical simulation using the Finite Element Method (FEM) has been performed using the COMSOL Multiphysics software to optimize the frequency and strength of iron and steel bar along with two semi-circular surface cracks. Additionally, it highlights the current hot topics and future development directions in crack detection techniques for fasteners. Jun 6, 2023 · A method for automatic monitoring of steel rebar corrosion by integrating machine learning (ML) with single mode-multimode-single mode (SMS) fiber optic corrosion sensors is proposed in this study. The TOFD system consists of two probes in a pitch-catch configuration, with one probe acting as a transmitter ( T x ) and the second probe as a receiver ( R x ). Small cracks are common defects in steel and often lead to catastrophic accidents in industrial applications. Key Words Crack detection, eddy current, nondestructive evaluation, steel structures. This paper attempts to review state-of-art of vision-based surface defect inspection technology of steel products by investigating about 170 publications. Image-based crack detection commonly has four steps: (1) image acquisition, (2) preprocessing techniques, (3) IP technique (filter, morphological processing, binarization), and (4) crack quantification . The CIRCOFLUX is used mainly for hot rolled black bar Jan 1, 2025 · At a crack depth of 3 mm, the detection performance of the RMFL method was comparable to that of the traditional MFL method, with both able to identify the outer wall crack defects. Chen et al. tive testing of large-aspect ratio steel bars. 3. It is dedicated to small defect detection such as holes, cracks, open or disrupted weld in tubes and bars. 18. (2018) proposed a visual detection method for structural damage, including concrete cracks, corrosion of steel bars (medium and high), bolt corrosion, and delamination of steel bars, based on a Faster R-CNN. First, a coordinate attention-deep convolution generative adversarial networks (CA-DCGANs)-based data augmentation method is proposed to augment the original data set with high Oct 10, 2019 · The micro-crack detections are achieved by solving such a crack/non-crack binary classification problem. Jun 30, 2023 · Bao X studied the seismic performance of large subway tunnel structures in liquefied soil layers and analyzed the effect of mitigation methods for different steel bar thicknesses on reducing cracks . Furthermore, temperature measurement and crack detection are achieved using spectral centroid at the half-power level. However, these design systems shall be fed with reliable parameters related to material properties, loading conditions and defect characteristics. Previous studies have predominantly employed deep learning techniques for pixel-level crack detection, while occasionally incorporating monocular devices to quantify the crack dimensions. The automated system for thermographic crack detection uses brief pulsed eddy currents to heat steel components under inspection. proposed a detection algorithm based on Laplacian operation, edge-preserving filtering and double thresholding method to real-time defect detection for steel bar in coil and detection rate of 95. 17. 2020. Sensors. Furthermore, methods based on deep learning can further promote the automated measurement of crack width, thereby more accurately assessing the potential risk of structural damage. The magnetic core and coil are divided according to the length of the mesh element, which is 2 mm and 1 mm respectively. Aug 9, 2024 · Cracks are a common defect in civil infrastructures, and their occurrence is often closely related to structural loading conditions, material properties, design and construction, and other factors. These specimens were formed by mixing mortar with derusted steel bars. Feb 28, 2020 · Schematic diagram of ultrasonic wave transmitted in a steel bar with single crack damage. 3 mm to 0. A small difference in size and chemical composition among different bearing steel bars can be determined, which is more convenient for realizing online detection and meeting the actual May 30, 2024 · method for detecting cracks on concrete bridge cracks. May 25, 2022 · The existing corrosion detection and monitoring methods of steel bars include visual methods, electrochemical testing methods, fiber-optic techniques and stress wave-based monitoring methods. Early detection and maintenance can help extend the service life and prevent hazards. Jan 1, 2020 · DOI: 10. Dec 19, 2023 · The morphological characteristics of a crack serve as crucial indicators for rating the condition of the concrete bridge components. e. The significant amount of performed studies and the large number of publications give rise to the need to systematize, condensate, and summarize this enormous Eddy current for crack detection entails a variety of methods, but surface array is one of the best techniques for metal sheets or irregular shapes such as tubing. Lee H indicated that during the construction of subway tunnels, the construction process of side rails should be considered, and a stability Sep 30, 2022 · Among them, rotor wing UAVs have become a hot research topic in bridge inspections due to their good hovering photography. Canny Jan 1, 2025 · To facilitate the prompt detection of fatigue-induced cracking in orthotropic steel bridge decks, many intelligent crack monitoring techniques are applied, including acoustic emission monitoring, machine vision-based inspection, and Lamb-wave monitoring, among others. In this paper, a new method based on distributed long-gauge optic fiber sensing is proposed to implement crack identification. The only way to observe these cracks is through flaw detection. When the interface is seriously damaged, such that a macro-crack is formed, debonding may take place or large slip may occur, and the load-transferring capacity of the interface would drop dramatically. S17-S19 are the unannealed steel bars and S20-S22 are the annealed steel bars. In this paper, Web of Science (WOS) and Google Aug 26, 2019 · In addition, with the multiple potential drop measurement, a method is presented which improves the resolution of the DCPDM for detection of cracks and allows to determine crack initiation sites. 1007/978-3-030-68154-8_23) Solid composite materials such as steel, fiber plastics, etc are now particularly widely used in industry and civil construction, where a high strength-to-weight ratio is required Its dynamic behavior is influenced by cracks, body deflection, or other defects in a structural element and changes its stiffness Therefore, crack identification and observation of Dec 13, 2024 · Luo et al. At a crack depth of 1 mm, the generated MFL signal was significantly attenuated, while the RMFL signal still maintained a good signal-to-noise ratio ( Fig. [PMC free article] [Google Scholar] 10. Three specimens are involved in the experimental program and each is made of concrete, longitudinal be widely implemented on steel highway bridges and to determine the reliability of the method. The disadvantage of ultrasonic GAOTek concrete crack detector it can be used to detect the thickness, position, distribution, and diameter of the steel bar protection layer, and it can also be used as an integrated multi functional steel bar testing equipment for the detection of steel bar corrosion. Oct 10, 2023 · Tunnel cracks are the main factors that cause damage and collapse of tunnel structures. It enables professionals to accurately to locate rebar, and avoid damaging these subsurface metals when cutting, drilling or coring . The eddy current technique, on the other hand, allows for more detailed evaluation and detection of deeply located rebars. In addition, the kinematic and static principles of Limit Analysis within the rigid no-tension model framework are presented. Traditional crack detection method To achieve the detection of microscopic cracks on the dam face and effectively extract the crack skeleton on the concrete dam face, this paper proposes an intelligent detection method that combines the YOLO-DEW model with the Unet network, making it more applicable to the detection and feature quantification of microscopic cracks on concrete Aug 14, 2021 · Annually, millions of dollars are spent to carry out defect detection in key infrastructure including roads, bridges, and buildings. The detection of the fatigue cracks in the threaded rod using UGW-based method is still a Traditional image-based crack detection methods have low accuracy. Jan 21, 2024 · Lipa et al. 26% accuracy for steel bar counting and 4. Jun 18, 2024 · Rebar detection is the use of rebar locators and cover meters to detect steel reinforcement bars within concrete and other non-metallic materials. Aug 1, 2024 · Li et al. To reduce the energy loss in piezoceramic-based sensors, a high-performance piezoceramic-enabled smart Mar 9, 2019 · Before putting the steel bar into the empty mold, the steel surface was cleaned from the native corrosion products, following a recommended procedure , and the bar was weighed. Keywords Crack identification Effective independence driving-point residue Optimal sensor placement Modal test Steel bar Introduction Steel bars are widely used in large structures, which allow for cracks easily over time of service. 1% center offset for center localization on the established steel bar dataset, which demonstrates that the proposed CNN Mar 1, 2019 · TOFD is an ultrasonic technique for crack detection and sizing based on the time-of-flight measurement of the diffracted waves from the crack edges. Nov 1, 2024 · The numerical models consist of various crack geometries and combinations of cracks and steel bars. Image classification is used to filter and identify objects in the image domain at the image level so as to qualitatively determine Oct 8, 2022 · DoG is the difference of Gaussian functions at different scales, and its computational complexity is lower than LoG. Aug 20, 2020 · An insight into a wide variety of methods used for crack testing, including magnetic particle inspection, dye penetrant inspection, ultrasound, and more. analysed the influence of steel bars in the detection of voids in concrete elements using the phased array ultrasonic pulse-echo method. In the last 20 years, FPA (focal-plane-array) cameras became more powerful and dropped in price, maintaining more scientific research in the area of Dec 11, 2024 · Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) has shown effectiveness in determining the depth of surface-open cracks in concrete structures. Recently, many crack detection methods based on machine vision have been introduced. Various nondestructive testing methods have been investigated for crack detection; however, most current methods focus on qualitative crack identification and image processing. Dec 30, 2022 · Timely defect detection plays a positive role in preventing the evaluation of steel derivative damage. 103565 Corpus ID: 228912543; Defect detection in steel bars up to 600 °C using laser line thermography @article{Puthiyaveettil2020DefectDI, title={Defect detection in steel bars up to 600 °C using laser line thermography}, author={Nithin Puthiyaveettil and K. Early detection enables preventative action to mitigate potential failure and ensure operations efficiency. Exists for products from 5 to 300mm diameter. But the level 2 analyst is not satisfied with the results due to the curvature of the object. (DOI: 10. Considering the skin effect of eddy current, the number of grid layers in the eddy current region is set to 5, and the number of grid cells is 50000. I know a number of people use the term “stress crack” to describe longitudinal cracks on steel bar products, which the AISI calls “strain cracks. In this study, the effects of traditional C scan imaging in measuring fatigue cracks are analyzed by comparing their results with that of Aug 31, 2023 · The aim of this study is to enhance the efficiency and lower the expense of detecting cracks in large-scale concrete structures. Szymanik B. Nondestructive testing (NDT) is a pivotal technique used across industries to assess a material’s integrity without causing damage and has been used in early crack detection of metals, mainly based on changes in the crystal structure and magnetic properties of metals. However, images that contain objects other than cracks are difficult to process. Presently, well established NDT methods are there for the detection of these cracks at room temperature. 2016;16:234. When the straight probe is used for detection, the detection direction of the straight probe sound beam is single . 1 - 5 , 10. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, we tested 989 May 19, 2020 · To evaluate the performance of crack detection in steel with regard to the length, width, and depth of cracks, the sensor probe was line-scanned above the crack position. Feb 9, 2013 · The interface between concrete and steel in reinforced concrete governs the interaction between the two types of materials under loading. Dec 1, 2020 · Detection of crack formation in steel bar at high temperatures (up to 600 °C) is a potential problem in steel manufacturing industries. In view of this, linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) is usually applied to describe the FCG behavior of steel bars in RC beams [10], [11]. Jun 18, 2019 · This paper presents the effective independence driving-point residue (EI-DPR) method for sensor optimal placement, which identifies cracks of steel bars based on the modal assurance criterion (MAC) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion. Reinforced concrete (RC), renowned for its amalgamation of strength and durability, stands as a cornerstone in Oct 8, 2022 · DoG is the difference of Gaussian functions at different scales, and its computational complexity is lower than LoG. In their work, the crack depth was estimated through using updated Make 3D toolbox and training against direct measurement of crack segment depth along with width Jan 1, 2020 · In this study, concrete specimens mixed with seawater and reinforced by two kinds of steel bars, Q235 carbon steel bar and corrosion-resistant steel bar, were subjected to accelerated corrosion. This review paper offers an exhaustive analysis of the passivation Mar 29, 2017 · Structural damage detection and localization using a hybrid method and artificial intelligence techniques Azadeh Noori Hoshyar et al-Concrete Cracks Detection Based on FCN with Dilated Convolution Jianming Zhang et al-Identification of the structural damage mechanism of BFRP bars reinforced concrete beams using smart transducers Oct 22, 2019 · Request PDF | On Oct 22, 2019, Leifeng Shi and others published Detection of crack development in steel fibre engineered cementitious composite using electrical resistivity tomography | Find, read Apr 1, 2024 · Crack detection and marking methods implemented through software like Matlab can help identify potential crack areas for subsequent analysis. 3390/s16020234. 1 NDI Demonstration Of Crack Detection Capability Non-destructive inspection (NDI) methods are commonly used to determine the condition of a structure during production and at in-service inspections. J. Oct 1, 2023 · Detection of inner cracks in thick steel plates using unsaturated AC magnetic flux leakage testing with a magnetic resistance gradiometer IEEE Trans Magn , 53 ( 2017 ) , pp. image classification, i. We conclude that the detection of the crack initiation may provide relevant information serving the estimation of the remaining lifetime of the component. Nov 10, 2020 · DOI: 10. Nov 8, 2023 · This paper introduces a crack analysis method based on decomposing the Brillouin scattering spectrum to overcome the spatial resolution induced crack measurement limitation of the BOTDA/R system. However, the practical implementation of such methods with the assistance Nov 1, 2023 · We show that the fatigue cracks, which initiate from the inner surface of the wall of the specimens, can be successfully detected and located in real time using our measurement method. The sectorial magnetic unit is adapted to other applications such as head and base checking of rails. The method uses the non-negative least squares algorithm to back-calculate the strain profile within the spatial resolution around each measurement point. Firstly, the relationship between the excitation position of square steel tube and the proportion of each mode is obtained by combining the semi-analytical finite element (SAFE) method with the NME theory. I have found a shop that uses modal testing to find cracks in finished parts. The nonlinear ultrasonic testing technique is a promising method that may be used to solve this problem. Moreover, a real-time detection method was proposed to localise bridge cracks, which was based on a modified YOLO v4 model. 2017. Based on principles of electromagnetic induction, EDT tools produce an oscillating magnetic field on the test surface, inducing a circular electric current (eddy current) in the material. The test features including length, width, depth, angle, and crack location were considered. May 2023; Applied Sciences 13(11):6681; However, because of the influence of the steel bars. Renil Thomas and Philipp Myrach and Mathias Ziegler and P. Feb 18, 2016 · This method, based on thermal imaging, due to its characteriatics should be considered as a preliminary method for the assessment of relatively shallowly located steel bar reinforcements. Below you will find an overview of the various systems and testing devices from FOERSTER for crack detection. An automated identification methodology is proposed to Surface array technology provides more accurate readings for metal crack testing than other, more conventional methods. Yun et al. The automated system uses the infrared thermographic testing principle to detect cracks and defects using brief pulsed eddy currents to heat steel components under inspection. 6 The corrosion products of reinforcements accumulate inside concrete and then lead to cracking of concrete when the force induced by corrosion products To tackle this challenge, a high-precision surface crack detection architecture for rolling steel production equipment based on image semantic segmentation is proposed. Seam cracks are generated in the edge region of a steel plate. The ends of the steel bar were protected with vinyl electric tape, to avoid the triple contact steel-mortar-air, leaving an exposed steel area of 120 cm 2 (the steel Jun 1, 2016 · In [16] a method for automatic crack detection of steel using laser triangulation and achieve accurate results is proposed. In the production process, due to improper processing, the angle bar has cracks, and it is detected by ultrasonic according to the standard provisions. evaluate the break, the location, or the corrosion of the steel rebar in concrete. 8% drift levels are given in Figures 11(c)∼11(d). 1109/tmag. In this context, the role of non-destructive (NDT) testing Apr 1, 2024 · Cha et al. Zatar et al. be widely implemented on steel highway bridges and to determine the reliability of the method. Distribution Statement No restrictions. [8] analyzed the influence of steel bars on void detection in concrete elements using the ultrasonic pulse-echo method, and proposed an image processing technique to eliminate or totally reduce the such effect. 2713880 May 31, 2023 · The specimens are 6 bearing steel bars, marked as S17-S22. This paper presents our development of the automated system for crack detection on square steel bars used in the automotive industry. It can be seen that the amplitude of bearing steel annealed is approximately 2800 mV larger than that of the unannealed, and the phase Nov 7, 2023 · Traditional crack detection methods rely mainly on visual inspection, which is time-consuming and prone to errors. Jul 25, 2020 · The strain profiles measured on steel bars D, E, and F at 1. A large number of artificial samples from existing concrete crack images were generated by a deep convolutional generative adversarial network (DCGAN), and the artificial samples were balanced and be widely implemented on steel highway bridges and to determine the reliability of the method. [ 13 ] evaluated RC bridge elements using ultrasonic pitch and catch (UPC) NDT technique. This Jun 14, 2017 · The term “stress crack” is arbitrarily defined based on industrial usage in the market. The propagation characteristics of ultrasonic guided waves in the cylindrical rod are investigated by semi-analytical finite element Feb 16, 2016 · This method, based on thermal imaging, due to its characteriatics should be considered as a preliminary method for the assessment of relatively shallowly located steel bar reinforcements. Dec 1, 2019 · A system for crack detection on steel and metal surfaces was described in [10], [16] where experiments were made to detect cracks and measure both width and depth of the cracks. This paper attempts to review the non-destructive procedures from the aspect of the corrosion measurement techniques, especially their advantages and limitations. , wave speed, echo amplitude, etc. Aug 8, 2022 · The mesh adopts a combination of default division and partial refinement to obtain higher accuracy while saving calculation time. Lim et al. Several research results in automatic surface crack detection for unreinforced masonry (URM) walls are presented considering crack detection based on machine learning and deep learning algorithms. Feb 1, 2022 · Hayder et al. The TECA coil arrangement and operating mode yield unique eddy current signals from surface-breaking cracks in carbon steel, enabling the sizing of their depth. In [17], the height profile of printed circuit boards is scanned by a Nov 29, 2020 · Bär [9] verified a method to improve the crack detection accuracy with the multiple potential drop measurement on notched round bars and single edged notched specimens. Sep 20, 2017 · Consequently, a testing method of easier realization, higher sensitivity, lower cost and higher speed is urgently needed for detection of inner surface crack in thick-walled steel pipes. Central cracks in high-speed steel raw materials are common in tool plants, however, they are harmful as they are invisible and cannot be detected by touch. The distribution of compressive strain on steel bar D shows a maximum value attained at an about 0. Feb 8, 2021 · In this analysis, a numerical simulation using the Finite Element Method (FEM) has been performed using the COMSOL Multiphysics software to optimize the frequency and strength of iron and steel Dec 30, 2024 · Eddy current testing is the go-to method for surface-level crack detection in conductive materials like stainless steel, aluminum, and copper among others. , Chelliah C. The reviewed methods mechanical fatigue crack in steel. [15] and Li et al. Therefore, a method for rapid crack detection in bridge structures is proposed, this method involves the use of an intelligent inspection robot equipped with an ultrasonic phased array probe. Mar 11, 2014 · As a consequence, numerous crack detection and characterization techniques have been researched and developed in the past decades in the areas of SHM and non-destructive evaluation (NDE). As a state-of-the-art image recognition technology, pixel-level segmentation technology can obtain the pixel distribution and generate the shape of the objects accurately, which provides a potential detection method for steel surface defects. bhoo iykxvu sunwfpxo ixo veek oafm peln rqrkjr tlhnl csol